Employed people, by comparison, include not only the aforementioned traditional employees but also self-employed individuals. Employees are people serving either full-time or part-time in a traditional employment arrangement. While these two terms would be interchangeable in most cases, they have different meanings with regard to labor statistics. The International Labour Organization (ILO) tracks a wide number of labor statistics, including hours actually worked per week by both employees and employed people. By contrast, countries with longer workweeks, fewer worker protections, and reduced amenities often rank as hard-working countries, but also tend to have a populace that is less happy and possibly overworked. These countries also trend toward more generous overtime compensation, more worker-friendly regulations, more favorable parental leave laws, and an increased chance of landing on the list of the world's happiest countries. High-income and/or developed countries with a cultural emphasis on work/life balance and adequate leisure/family time generally have shorter official workweeks (some as short as four days) and more vacation days. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted - U.S.Around the world, the average workweek can range from less than 40 hours in length to close to 50 hours.Hours of work - annual statistics - Eurostat Statistics Explained.Are we working more than ever? - Our World in Data.Diminishing Returns at Work: The Consequences of Long Working Hours.Pre-industrial workers had a shorter workweek than today's - MIT Edu.Full-Time Jobs With Shortest and Longest Hours - Monster.List of minimum annual leave by country - Wikipedia.Why High Earners Work Longer Hours - National Bureau of Economic Research.Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees - US Department of Labour.Weekly average working hours - Statista.Average usual weekly hours worked on the main job - OECD Stat.By 2002, the best-paid 20 percent were twice as likely to work long hours as the bottom 20 percent. In 1983, the most poorly paid 20 percent of workers were more likely to put in long work hours than the top paid 20 percent. For example, people who work more used to earn less, but today the trend is reversing. The problem of long working hours is often linked with low wages, but not in all cases. The French bar association (CNB) says that 44% of lawyers in the country worked 55 hours or more a week in 2008. But even though the standard hours worked in a week have been lowered to 35, many occupations demand much more. They also function as an incentive for companies to modernize their work organization, including their working time arrangements, and to invest in improving their technology and enhancing the skills of their management and workforces.įor instance, France has introduced a 35-hour working week as a part of a labour law reform in 2000, where time worked after the standard legal limit of 35 hours is considered overtime. Reasonable hours limits help to maintain workers' health and thereby their productive capacity. In contrast, statutory hours limits contribute towards enhancing productivity. Regular overtime is both harmful to workers and unproductive.
Overtime is legaly regulated by most countries by a combination of regulations and collective bargaining.įor example, in France, Portugal and Spain the influence of legislation is particularly strong in Denmark, Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom collective bargaining is considerably more important. According to government survey data, the average US worker receives only about 10 days of paid vacation and about 6 paid holidays per year - less than the minimum legal standard set in the rest of world's rich economies In the absence of government standards, 23 percent of Americans have no paid vacation and no paid holidays. For instance, the US offers none, but most of the rest of the world's rich countries offer at least 6 paid holidays per year (while some countries like Cambodia and Iran offer 27 paid holidays).
In addition to mandated paid annual leave, workers also get paid time off for public holidays. Australia and New Zealand require employers to grant at least 20 vacation days per year, and Canada and Japan mandate at least 10 paid days off. The US is the only industrialized country in the world that has no legally mandated annual leave and does not guarantee its workers paid vacation.Įuropean countries establish legal rights to at least 20 days of paid vacation per year (some even go higher to 25 and even 30 or more days). Most of the countries in the world have laws setting the maximum length of the work week, except the United States.
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